QUESTION 1

1. A recent Gallup Poll asked 3672 randomly chosen American adults to rate the ethical standards of 45 occupations. Nurses were at the top, with 67% of the poll respondents rating them very high.

Identify the following:

(a) What is the population of interest for this study?

(b) What is the sample for this study?

(c) Is the number 67% considered a parameter or a statistic? Explain.

(d) How many of the 3762 American adults in the Gallup poll rated nurses with very high ethical standards?

(e) Estimate the margin of error for this poll using 95% confidence. Round to two decimal places as necessary.

(f) Give the 95% confidence interval for this poll.

(g) Make a confidence statement about this poll in context.

14 points

QUESTION 2

1. Complete the table of the undergraduate enrollment at a large state university:

Class	Students	Percent (round to the nearest tenth)
Freshman	7248
Sophomore	8573
Junior	7501
Senior	6904
Non-degree
Total	30761

2. (a) Calculate the number of students in the Non-degree class.
3. (b) Calculate the percent of the students that are Freshmen, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
4. (c) Calculate the percent of the students that are Sophomores, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
5. (d) Calculate the percent of the students that are Juniors, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
6. (e) Calculate the percent of the students that are Seniors, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
7. (f) Calculate the percent of the students that are Non-degree, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
8. (g) Calculate the percent of the students altogether, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.

7 points

QUESTION 3

1. Which types of graphs would be appropriate to display the percentages in the table from the previous problem?

		Line Graph
		Stemplot
		Histogram
		Boxplot
		Bar Graph
		Pie Chart

3 points

QUESTION 4

1. The diameter of a metal rod was measured eight times and the results in millimeters were: 29.2, 29.2, 29.1, 29.2, 29.2, 29.2, 29.3, 29.2. The true diameter of the rod is 25 millimeters. The measurement process appears to be

		Unbiased and reliable
		Biased and reliable
		Unbiased and unreliable
		Biased and unreliable

3 points

QUESTION 5

1. The figure below is a histogram of the heights, in inches, of a section of STAT 1350 students last summer semester.

QUESTION 1

1. A recent Gallup Poll asked 3672 randomly chosen American adults to rate the ethical standards of 45 occupations. Nurses were at the top, with 67% of the poll respondents rating them very high.

Identify the following:

(a) What is the population of interest for this study?

(b) What is the sample for this study?

(c) Is the number 67% considered a parameter or a statistic? Explain.

(d) How many of the 3762 American adults in the Gallup poll rated nurses with very high ethical standards?

(e) Estimate the margin of error for this poll using 95% confidence. Round to two decimal places as necessary.

(f) Give the 95% confidence interval for this poll.

(g) Make a confidence statement about this poll in context.

14 points

QUESTION 2

1. Complete the table of the undergraduate enrollment at a large state university:

Class	Students	Percent (round to the nearest tenth)
Freshman	7248
Sophomore	8573
Junior	7501
Senior	6904
Non-degree
Total	30761

2. (a) Calculate the number of students in the Non-degree class.
3. (b) Calculate the percent of the students that are Freshmen, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
4. (c) Calculate the percent of the students that are Sophomores, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
5. (d) Calculate the percent of the students that are Juniors, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
6. (e) Calculate the percent of the students that are Seniors, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
7. (f) Calculate the percent of the students that are Non-degree, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.
8. (g) Calculate the percent of the students altogether, rounding your percent to the nearest tenth.

7 points

QUESTION 3

1. Which types of graphs would be appropriate to display the percentages in the table from the previous problem?

		Line Graph
		Stemplot
		Histogram
		Boxplot
		Bar Graph
		Pie Chart

3 points

QUESTION 4

1. The diameter of a metal rod was measured eight times and the results in millimeters were: 29.2, 29.2, 29.1, 29.2, 29.2, 29.2, 29.3, 29.2. The true diameter of the rod is 25 millimeters. The measurement process appears to be

		Unbiased and reliable
		Biased and reliable
		Unbiased and unreliable
		Biased and unreliable

3 points

QUESTION 5

1. The figure below is a histogram of the heights, in inches, of a section of STAT 1350 students last summer semester.

(a) What percent of students in this section were taller than 69 inches?

(b) Rachel is the student with the median height of this section, in what range could her height be?

(c) Name another type of graph that could be used to display these data.

6 points

QUESTION 6

1. The following table shows the heart rate of students in a conditioning class after 1 minute of doing jumping jacks (beats per minute).

86	87	92	92	93	95	96	97	97	98
100	100	105	106	107	109	110	111	112	113

2. (a) Compute the five-number summary .
3. Min =
4. Q1 =
5. Median =
6. Q3 =
7. Max =
9. (b) The overall shape of the distribution is
10. (c) For these data, the mean will be than the median.
11. (d) Do any of the heart rates appear to be an outlier? Explain.

11 points

QUESTION 7

1. You have calculated the standard deviation for a set of data to be −2.5 . You can conclude that

		the data are skewed to the right.
		there is a negative value in the data.
		all of the observations in the data set are negative.
		the data are skewed to the left.
		you have made an error in your calculation.

3 points

QUESTION 8

1. Does taking large amounts of vitamins protect against cancer? To study this question, researchers recruited 10,000 people, all over the age of 50. Half of the subjects selected at random took vitamin supplements, and others took a placebo that has no active ingredient. The researchers followed all the subjects for ten years. At the end of the study, the people in the vitamin group were no less likely to have cancer than the people in the other group. This study cast doubt on the popular idea that taking lots of vitamins can reduce the risk of cancer.

(a) What is the response variable in this study?

(b) What is the explanatory variable in this study?

(c) Which of the following diagrams below correctly displays the outline of this experiment?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM A:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM B:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM C:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM D:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 points

QUESTION 9

1. The statistical name for the experimental design in the previous question is

		Observational study
		Matched pairs design
		Block design experiment
		Randomized comparative experiment

3 points

QUESTION 10

1. If neither the subjects nor the doctors who examined subjects in an experiment knew whether a particular subject was taking vitamins or placebo this would be called a

		Double-blind experiment
		Placebo effect
		Stratified sampling
		Block design experiment

3 points

QUESTION 11

1. The standard deviation is a measure of the

		validity of measurement.
		the center of the distribution.
		most common value in a set of data.
		height of the histogram.
		spread, or variability, of a distribution.

3 points

QUESTION 12

1. Which of the following statistics will be the most affected by adding an outlier to the data set (that is, a value that is far away from the others.)

		The median
		The third quartile
		The mean
		All of these will be affected the same amount

3 points

QUESTION 13

1. When a sample survey asks people about use of illegal drugs, some people who use drugs will lie and say they do not use drugs because they fear that the information will be given to the police or employers.

		This is a sampling error that increases variability.
		This is a sampling error that causes bias.
		This is a nonsampling error that increases variability.
		This is a nonsampling error that causes bias.

3 points

QUESTION 14

1. In all, 200 students took a statistics exam. The first quartile (or Q1) for all 200 scores is 60. About how many students had scores lower than 60?

		200
		25
		50
		60

3 points

QUESTION 15

1. Which of the following source of error is included in the margin of error?

		Voluntary response bias
		Some of the subjects did not understand the wording of the question
		Chance variation in choosing a random sample
		Errors in entering the data
		All of the above

3 points

QUESTION 16

1. To study the security protocols at a major airport, ten passengers were randomly selected from each flight leaving the airport on a particular day and questioned about the security efforts they experienced while at the airport. This is an example of

		Cluster sampling
		Voluntary response sampling
		Stratified sampling
		Simple random sampling
		Convenience sampling

3 points

QUESTION 17

1. Coal miners often develop serious respiratory illnesses. It is usually thought that these are caused by the coal dust in mines. But coal miners as a group are heavy smokers and this may explain some of the illnesses. This situation illustrates an example of:

	A.	Both B and C are correct
	B.	Both A and C are correct
	C.	The placebo effect
	D.	Unreliability
	E.	Confounding between two variables

3 points

QUESTION 18

1. A student organization reports that, of a random sample of 300 college undergraduates, 95% attend all their classes during the first week of the semester and 15% did not attend all their classes during the first week. We know there is a mistake in this report because

		A stratified sample would have been less prone to error
		There is always a possibility of response bias
		95% plus 15% adds up to more than 100%
		It’s very unlikely that 15% of students didn’t attend all their classes during the first week

3 points

QUESTION 19

1. Research studies that collected data from people must follow ethical guidelines. Which of these is NOT a required ethical principle?

		Informed consent by the subjects
		All subjects’ information must be kept confidential
		Advance review by an institutional review board
		All subjects’ information must be kept anonymous

3 points

QUESTION 20

1. Before starting a weight reduction program, Joe weighed (230) pounds. At the end of the program, he weighed (184) pounds. Calculate the percent change for Joe’s weight. Please round your percent to two decimal places as necessary.

4 points

QUESTION 21

1. The weights of students in a very large statistics class vary according to a Normal distribution with a mean of 160 pounds and a standard deviation of 22 pounds. Use this information to find the following, rounding to two decimal places as necessary.

(a) What percent of students weigh between 116 and 204 pounds?

(b) What percent of students weigh more than 200 pounds?

(c) What weight would put a student in the top 10% of weights in this class?

6 points

QUESTION 22

1. Lisa has an average bowling score of 190 in her winter league where the average for all bowlers is 175 with a standard deviation is 9. Barb has an average bowling score of 175 in the spring league where the average for all bowlers is 155 with a standard deviation of 10.

(a) What is Lisa’s z score? Round your answer to two decimal places as necessary.

(b) What is Barb’s z score? Round your answer to two decimal places as necessary.

(c) Who scores higher in their own league if both league scores are normally distributed?

5 points

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(a) What percent of students in this section were taller than 69 inches?

(b) Rachel is the student with the median height of this section, in what range could her height be?

(c) Name another type of graph that could be used to display these data.

6 points

QUESTION 6

1. The following table shows the heart rate of students in a conditioning class after 1 minute of doing jumping jacks (beats per minute).

86	87	92	92	93	95	96	97	97	98
100	100	105	106	107	109	110	111	112	113

2. (a) Compute the five-number summary .
3. Min =
4. Q1 =
5. Median =
6. Q3 =
7. Max =
9. (b) The overall shape of the distribution is
10. (c) For these data, the mean will be than the median.
11. (d) Do any of the heart rates appear to be an outlier? Explain.

11 points

QUESTION 7

1. You have calculated the standard deviation for a set of data to be −2.5 . You can conclude that

		the data are skewed to the right.
		there is a negative value in the data.
		all of the observations in the data set are negative.
		the data are skewed to the left.
		you have made an error in your calculation.

3 points

QUESTION 8

1. Does taking large amounts of vitamins protect against cancer? To study this question, researchers recruited 10,000 people, all over the age of 50. Half of the subjects selected at random took vitamin supplements, and others took a placebo that has no active ingredient. The researchers followed all the subjects for ten years. At the end of the study, the people in the vitamin group were no less likely to have cancer than the people in the other group. This study cast doubt on the popular idea that taking lots of vitamins can reduce the risk of cancer.

(a) What is the response variable in this study?

(b) What is the explanatory variable in this study?

(c) Which of the following diagrams below correctly displays the outline of this experiment?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM A:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM B:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM C:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DIAGRAM D:

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 points

QUESTION 9

1. The statistical name for the experimental design in the previous question is

		Observational study
		Matched pairs design
		Block design experiment
		Randomized comparative experiment

3 points

QUESTION 10

1. If neither the subjects nor the doctors who examined subjects in an experiment knew whether a particular subject was taking vitamins or placebo this would be called a

		Double-blind experiment
		Placebo effect
		Stratified sampling
		Block design experiment

3 points

QUESTION 11

1. The standard deviation is a measure of the

		validity of measurement.
		the center of the distribution.
		most common value in a set of data.
		height of the histogram.
		spread, or variability, of a distribution.

3 points

QUESTION 12

1. Which of the following statistics will be the most affected by adding an outlier to the data set (that is, a value that is far away from the others.)

		The median
		The third quartile
		The mean
		All of these will be affected the same amount

3 points

QUESTION 13

1. When a sample survey asks people about use of illegal drugs, some people who use drugs will lie and say they do not use drugs because they fear that the information will be given to the police or employers.

		This is a sampling error that increases variability.
		This is a sampling error that causes bias.
		This is a nonsampling error that increases variability.
		This is a nonsampling error that causes bias.

3 points

QUESTION 14

1. In all, 200 students took a statistics exam. The first quartile (or Q1) for all 200 scores is 60. About how many students had scores lower than 60?

		200
		25
		50
		60

3 points

QUESTION 15

1. Which of the following source of error is included in the margin of error?

		Voluntary response bias
		Some of the subjects did not understand the wording of the question
		Chance variation in choosing a random sample
		Errors in entering the data
		All of the above

3 points

QUESTION 16

1. To study the security protocols at a major airport, ten passengers were randomly selected from each flight leaving the airport on a particular day and questioned about the security efforts they experienced while at the airport. This is an example of

		Cluster sampling
		Voluntary response sampling
		Stratified sampling
		Simple random sampling
		Convenience sampling

3 points

QUESTION 17

1. Coal miners often develop serious respiratory illnesses. It is usually thought that these are caused by the coal dust in mines. But coal miners as a group are heavy smokers and this may explain some of the illnesses. This situation illustrates an example of:

	A.	Both B and C are correct
	B.	Both A and C are correct
	C.	The placebo effect
	D.	Unreliability
	E.	Confounding between two variables

3 points

QUESTION 18

1. A student organization reports that, of a random sample of 300 college undergraduates, 95% attend all their classes during the first week of the semester and 15% did not attend all their classes during the first week. We know there is a mistake in this report because

		A stratified sample would have been less prone to error
		There is always a possibility of response bias
		95% plus 15% adds up to more than 100%
		It’s very unlikely that 15% of students didn’t attend all their classes during the first week

3 points

QUESTION 19

1. Research studies that collected data from people must follow ethical guidelines. Which of these is NOT a required ethical principle?

		Informed consent by the subjects
		All subjects’ information must be kept confidential
		Advance review by an institutional review board
		All subjects’ information must be kept anonymous

3 points

QUESTION 20

1. Before starting a weight reduction program, Joe weighed (230) pounds. At the end of the program, he weighed (184) pounds. Calculate the percent change for Joe’s weight. Please round your percent to two decimal places as necessary.

4 points

QUESTION 21

1. The weights of students in a very large statistics class vary according to a Normal distribution with a mean of 160 pounds and a standard deviation of 22 pounds. Use this information to find the following, rounding to two decimal places as necessary.

(a) What percent of students weigh between 116 and 204 pounds?

(b) What percent of students weigh more than 200 pounds?

(c) What weight would put a student in the top 10% of weights in this class?

6 points

QUESTION 22

1. Lisa has an average bowli
   
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