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University of North Dakota Republican Role Play Question

University of North Dakota Republican Role Play Question

University of North Dakota Republican Role Play Question

Question Description

This is very similar to Role Play #1 that I asked you for.

My role is : The Republicans

“After Heads Stopped Rolling”

The History
The French Revolution was at a crossroads in late 1795. During the past six years, France had transformed from an absolute monarchy with medieval vestiges and a claim to divine rule to a secular republic that guaranteed the rights of man and citizen, implemented universal male suffrage, and abolished slavery. The ideals of the revolution—liberty, equality, and fraternity—galvanized oppressed peoples and freedom lovers across the world. But the revolutionaries also imposed harsh coercion and force to eliminate entrenched inequality and to overcome reactionary opposition. The Reign of Terror unleashed rampant violence that contradicted fundamental principles of the revolution. After the Terror subsided, conservatives began to undo policies enacted in the previous years. The year 1795 saw uprisings by both revolutionary sans-culottes and counterrevolutionaries. In October, Napoleon Bonaparte saved the Directorate by putting down a royalist uprising. He was rewarded with a major military command. He then launched a campaign of conquests that would win him unmatched popularity and the undying loyalty of the army.

The Scenario
In our hypothetical scenario, just after Napoleon defeats the royalists, various factions wake up to the danger someone such as Napoleon can pose to the republic. They realize that the populace, bewildered and exhausted by the changes since 1789, is susceptible to the temptation of stability under a paternalistic strongman. To forestall the rise of a modern Caesar, they agree to come together to resolve their differences and make the necessary reforms, but they are just as eager to defend their gains or recoup losses they suffered during the revolution.

The Roles

  • The Enlightened liberals: Mostly members of the upper bourgeoisie, lower nobility, and lower clergy, you are the educated, wealthy elites. Your grievances were with the Old Regime, such as the king’s prerogatives and restrictions that limited the rise of talented individuals among you. You led the revolution in 1789–1791. You achieved your goals through the Constitution of 1791 (constitutional monarchy, active and passive citizenship, canceling ancient privileges, etc.). But then the revolution moved on and left you behind. Many of you were accused of being traitors, fled abroad, or were executed. You are interested in regaining or maintaining your position of privilege, even if that means denying others of equality.
  • Women: You make up half of the population but you are not granted official political power—not under the absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy, or republic. At different points during the revolution, Parisian women or individual activists played critical part to propel the movement forward. While the most forward thinking of you begin to speak of women’s rights, you are not a monolith. Some of you are Enlightened liberals, some are republicans, and some, especially in rural areas, are deeply religious, conservative, or royalists. So you should not feel obliged to come up with a single position.
  • The republicans: Led by the Jacobins and backed by the Parisian sans-culottes, you spearheaded the revolution in 1792–1794. You radically remade French society. Your highest ideals are equality and liberty. To realize them, you were willing to resort to drastic means. You overthrew the monarchy, founded the republic, and pushed for the execution of Louis XVI. You imposed price control to stabilize the economy and levee en masse to defend the country. Your crowning achievement is the Constitution of 1793. The document was suspended because of war, but you remain eager to see it put into practice.
  • The royalists: You belong to the king’s inner circles and extended relatives, and higher nobility and clergy. You derived your power from your ties to the king, and you were in control of France until 1789. Despite the upheavals since 1789, a substantial portion of the population favors having a king and an active church. You accept that after the revolution, turning back the clock to an absolute monarchy is probably unrealistic, but you want to claw back as many of the old privileges as possible.
  • The peasants: You account for 80% of the population. You bore the tax burden under the Old Regime. So you are certainly pleased that the revolution has eliminated feudal privileges such as dues to nobles and prohibitions on hunting rabbits and pigeons. But you are also disturbed by attacks on the Catholic Church and new obligations such as mass conscription. You can find ideas proposed by the Enlightened liberals, republicans, or royalists attractive, but you have also been disappointed by these groups. You are skeptical of their promises to improve your lives.

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